Hot-air furnace



(No Model.) 5 sheetsf-shet 1. L. L. GULVER.

.y .HOT AIRFURNACB. No.'369,100. u Patented Aug. 30, 1887.

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L. L. CULVER.

H OT AIR FURNAGE. No. 369,100. 4 Patented Aug.` 30, 1887.

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' L. L. GULVER.

` HOT AIR FURNAGE.

-N0. 369,100. Pafnted Aug. 30, 41887.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4. L. L. CULVER.

HOT AIR FURNAGE.

No. 369,100. Patented Aug. 30, 1887.

(No Model.) 5 sheets-sheet 5.

L. L. GULVBR.

.HOT AIR FURNAGE.

No. 369,100. Patented Aug. so, 1887.

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VUNITED STATES i PATENT Erica.

LUCIUS L. CULVER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

Hor-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 369,100, dated August 30, 1887.

Application filed April 3, 1886.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be'it known that I, IiUoIUs L. CULVER, of the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri,

have invented a certain new and useful Iml a vertical transverse section taken on line 44,

Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 5 5, Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the damper-plate removed. Fig. 7 is a like view of the damper, and Fig. 8 is a perspective View of one of the diving-plates removed.

My invention is an improvelnent in those hot-air furnaces iuwhich the entire surfacepf the furnace proper is utilized for the purpose of heating the air, and in which the products of combustion are so made to pass as to utilize as much as may be the heat therein; and my invention consists of features of novel ty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out'in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the brick-work or outer wall forming a chamber for the furnace; E, the furnace located within the chamber in the brick-work or outer wall, and having a fire-box', B, provided with asuitable grate, C, beneath which is the asl1-boX D. The furnace is provided at the front end with a chute, F, through which the fuel is inserted into the reloox.

The front of the furnace is provided with a frame, G, having a door, H, in line with the chute F, through which the fuel is fed. Hinged to this frame is also a door, I, by which access may be had to the ash-pit through a tube, J. (See Fig. 5.) Just above the door I is asmall door, K, having a slot or opening through which the shaking device of the grate may be reached. At each side of the door I is a sliding or other door, L,(see Fig. 1,) through which access may be had to the bottom of the furnace to clean it out through tubes M, extending from the doors back across the front airspace to the furnace. (See Figs. 2 and 3.)

Serial No. 197,664. (No model.)

The side walls, E, front wall, E4, rear wall, E5, and the top E6 ofthe furnace extend some distance above the fire-box, as shown in Figs.

products of combustion rise from the fire-box and then pass down side fiues or chambers, E2,between the fire-box and ash-pit, sidewalls, El, and rear wall, EB, and thevside walls, E3, and rear wall, E5, to the bottom E9 of the furnace, as shown by arrows, Figs. 3, 4, and 5, passing from the bottom of theside tlues, E", backward and out through a short iiue, N, connecting the furnace to the lower of a series of horizontal drums or flues, N, connected, preferably, at opposite ends by short vertical tubes or lines N2, the top4 fiue, N', passing out through the brick Wall, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4:,where it may connect with a flue, chimney, or other uptake.

rEhe products of combustion are prevented from taking the shortest course from the iirebox to the outlet-pipe N by horizontal plates O, that cover the rear parts of the side fines, E2., at the top of the fire-box, so that the prodown through the front parts of the ilues E2, and these parts of the 'tlues are preferably covered by horizontal plates O', with perforations O, through which the products pass. The object of the perforated plates O is to insure an equal entrance of the products and to distribute them all along the front of the flues E2, preventing, to a great extent, their enter ing more at the ends of the plates O than farther forward. The plates O O are prefer' ably supported by being slightly inclined, with their upper edges resting against the side walls of the furnace, having projections or lips the ire-looX, and projections or lips O", that rest against the sides of the top of the iirebox. The plates are thus firmly held in place without being riveted or otherwise secured to the parts against which they bear, and they can consequently be easily and quickly inserted and removed. l

To prevent the products of combustion taking a short cut from the ends of the plates O to the pipe N, which would result in a loss of heat, I extend from thev forward ends of the plates 0 down into the fiues F2 inclined plates O5, which are preferably made in one piece with the plates O, as shown in Fig. 8.

ducts of combustion have to pass forward and' 4 and 5, forminga chamber, E', into which the O3, (see Fig. 4,) that rest on top of the edge of IOO ' the furnace at its front end as well as at its rear, and the heat is thus utilized to warm all parts of the furnace.

XVhen it is desired to turn off the heat of the furnace, the products of combustion are allowed to pass down at the back of the firebox to thc pipe N by opening a damper, l?, hinged to a plate, XV, on the top of the flue El at the back of the furnace and resting with its free edge on top of the back wall of the re box. (See Figs. 3, 4, and 5.) The damper is shown turned up in dotted lines in Fig. 5. I have shown it operated by means of a rod, Q, that extends froniit outward through the brick wall of the furnace. It has a crank, R, on its outer end, by which it may be turned to operate the damper, and it has a crank, S, on its inner end, engaging a lug, T, on the damper.

The plate XV meets at its ends with the inner ends of the plates O, (see Fig. 3,) so as to close with the damper the flue E2 at the back. It has openings XV', (see Fig. 6,)which the damper closes when down, and through which the pro ducts of combustion pass when the damper is up. The damper is secured to the plate by journals XV2 thereon, fitting in lugs X l on the plate. The inner end of the rod Q, fits in a socket, XV4, on the plate andfits under a loop, W5, on the plate, and it is thus firmly held in place when turned to lift the damper. The lug or hook T is dovetailed into lugs XVG on the damper, and held there by a screw or rivet, XV?.

XVhile the plates O act in connection with the plates O O5, they cause the furnace to be thoroughly heated, and at the same time, when the heat is turned olf by opening the damper P, act to prevent the furnace from being heated by preventing any heat or products of combustion from passing down the side fines, E, and they thus serve to produce two useful results. The ilues N have necks N, that extend out through one wall of the brick-work and are closed by dampers or covers N7, and through means of which the flues can be cleaned.

Between the ends and sides of the furnace E and the outer brick wall, and entirely surrounding the furnace, is an air space or chamber, U, through which the air, entering at U, Fig. 4, passes to exit tubes or pipes V, that carry it to the different parts of the building or other place to be heated. I prefer to close the chamber U just over the opening U' by a plate or blickwork, U2, so that the air will be carried well into the furnace. The air thus comes in contact with all parts of the walls of the furnace E, as indicated by the featherless arrows and the flues N, so that the greatest heating capacity of the furnace is utilized.

The walls E7 of the ash-pit may be provided with one or more sliding dampers, Y, operated by a rod, Y', to allow the dust to pass into the due j when the grate is shaken.

I claim as my inventionM l. The combination of the bottoni plate, E", the ash-box D, the re-boX B on the ash-box, having a suitable grate, the side walls, E, the rear wall, E5, having outlet-pipe N in the lower portion, the front plate, E", having feed-chute F, ash-tube J, and fluetubes M, and a series of heating-tubes, N2, connected with the outlet-pipe, the side walls and rear wall forming side dues, E2, at the sides and rear of the ashbox and fire-box, and the front wall, rear wall, and side walls being extended upward above the iirebox and provided with a top, E, forming a large combustion-chamber, E', over the fire-box, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the bottom plate, E, the ash-box D, the fire-box B, the side walls, E3, the rear wall, E5, having outlet-pipe N in the lower portion, the front plate, Et, having feed-chute F, ash-tube J, and llue-tubes M, the plates O, covering the side fines, having downwardly-inclined plates O5, and the plate XV, covering the rear fine, having damper l, the side walls and rear wall forming the side fines, E2, at the sides and rear of the ash-box and fire-box, and the front wall, rear wall, and side walls being extended upward above the fire-box and provided with a top, E, forming alarge combastion-chamber, E', over the fire-box, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the side walls, E, front wall, E4, rear wall, E", bottom E", top E, ash-pit D, having side walls, ET, and rear wall, E", and the fire-pot B, forming chamber E at the top, and fiues E2 at the sides and IOO rear, horizontal rear plate, XV, having a damper, horizontal imperforate side plates, O, having inclined plates O5, the horizontal perforated side plates, O', and a rod tothe damper, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination of the furnace having a fire-pot provided with side chambers, E, open at the top for the passage of the products of combustion and. connected with the exit-flue, the top side plates, O, the rear top plate, XV, having lugs XV, a socket, XV, and a loep, XV5, a damper, and an operating-rod, substantially as shown and described.

5. The furnace provided with side fines, El, in combination with the frame XV, provided with lugs W, socket XV", loop XV, and the damper provided with a hook and journaled in the lugs, and the operating-rod tting in the loop and socket andengaging beneath the hook of the damper, substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination, with the plate XV, of the lugs and loop formed on the plate, the damper P, hinged to the plate-lugs, having lugs XV, the hook T, dovetailed into the damper-lugs, and an operating-rod, substan tially as shown and described.

LUoiUs L. cULvna.

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